中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。
因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。
日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
曾光：XBB.1.5不会造成类似第一波的重症高峰****** 多地发布最新研判，已度过第一波感染高峰，发热门诊就诊量持续下降。与此同时，XBB.1.5新毒株跃入了人们的视野，这是美国上升势头最快的毒株，已引发美国内超40%的感染病例。 很多人刚从“正阳”“阳康”中缓过劲儿，面对新毒株，不免有些担忧。XBB.1.5毒株危险程度如何？是否会引发我国“第二波感染高峰”？感染新毒株后重症比例如何？面对广大网友的担忧，央广网专访了知名公共卫生与流行病学专家曾光。 变异株近期不会在中国掀起大浪 也不会引发重症高峰 曾光介绍，从全国来看，感染高峰、重症高峰呈现出此起彼伏、逐渐从涨潮到落潮的过程。“这一波疫情的高峰像暴风骤雨一样到来，我也没有想到它来得这么快、这么凶、这么猛。”因此，人们自然会对“第二波”感到紧张和焦虑。 对于XBB.1.5毒株的担忧，很大程度上源于我们对病毒的不了解。曾光介绍，XBB.1.5变异株在美国的占比可能还会进一步上升，但根据研究，感染该毒株后，死亡率并没有随之大幅上升。随着XBB.1.5逐步在美国占据“优势地位”，新冠病毒感染的发病率在增加，但增高幅度不大。曾光说：“这一情况可以给我国认识XBB.1.5提供一个参考。” “我估计变异株在中国不会掀起大浪，至少最近不会。”曾光认为，XBB.1.5能在美国大范围流行，也有美国人群产生的自然免疫正在消退的影响。但目前，我国正在集中出现感染高峰，疫苗免疫、自然感染两种状态相加，会在一段时间内达到一定的群体免疫效果，对国外的变异株不会过分敏感。因此，曾光推测：“XBB.1.5在中国可能会造成一部分传播，但传播速度不会太快，绝不会像第一波时迅速出现感染高峰，也不会出现类似的重症高峰。” 即使有了这种谨慎乐观的判断，曾光仍强调，我们还是要重视实际监测结果，根据结果及时调整防控策略。 流感盛行 警惕流感等流行病与新冠叠加 现在出行方便了，但我们不能放松大意，仍需做好个人防护。曾光提醒，除了避免感染新冠病毒，还要避免感染流感等流行病，警惕病情叠加增加重症风险。 曾光介绍，今年冬季，世界各国都出现了流感的流行高峰。根据我国最近的流感监测结果，今年的流感患病率比去年同期上升了一倍。 流感病毒感染与新冠病毒感染非常相似：通常起病急，一般会发烧3～5天，常达38.5℃以上，并伴有寒战、肌肉酸痛、头痛、咽痛、全身乏力。大多数流感患者能够在1～2周内自行恢复。有些可能会出现肺炎、急性呼吸窘迫综合征、心肌炎、心力衰竭、脑炎等并发症。5岁以下儿童、65岁以上的老人，以及有慢性基础疾病的患者，因流感出现重症的风险较高，是住院治疗的主要人群。 曾光介绍，现有研究显示，流感感染后会打开呼吸道门户，增加其它病原体感染几率。新冠病毒感染也是如此。若两者叠加感染，极易增加重症几率。他举例说，有些人感染过了5天或7天后，突然又开始体温增高，又开始呼吸急促，甚至出现黄痰、绿痰。这种情况可能是多重感染导致的，与“阳康”咳嗽不一样，往往提示有细菌性继发感染，须及时就医，必要时增加抗生素治疗。 最后，曾光强调，现在大家外出旅行、到人流聚集处时，仍需戴好口罩，做好个人清洁与防护，减少传染病发病风险。(记者 雷妍) 大发注册地图 |
